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The second trimester of pregnancy is an exciting time. During the second trimester, most of the discomforts of early pregnancy have subsided. This is also when movement of the baby can be felt for the first time. There are many changes and new discomforts that may be experienced during the second trimester of pregnancy. According to the Mayo Clinic website article entitled "The Second Trimester: Physical Changes and Symptoms", published by the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, these changes are taking place rapidly, and many women begin to experience abdominal pain, back pain, heartburn, and leg cramps.
"The Second Trimester: Physical Changes and Symptoms" describes abdominal discomfort that may be experienced during the second trimester of pregnancy. It says due to the expansion and stretching of muscles and ligaments, there may be some pain in the lower abdomen. The ligament that is attached to the uterus becomes stretched, increases in diameter, and becomes very tight. The same article says when reaching or stretching this ligament can be stretched enough to cause pain in the lower part or side of the abdomen.
During pregnancy, an irritated gallbladder or appendix can cause discomfort in the abdominal area, says "The Second Trimester: Physical Changes and Symptoms". This pain may be located in places that are out of the ordinary because organs are being pushed to different areas by the enlarging uterus. The same article recommends relaxing by either lying down, sitting in a comfortable chair, or taking a warm, soothing bath. It is advised to seek medical attention if pain is intense or if it persists.
Back pain can start to be a problem during the second trimester of pregnancy. The book entitled "The American Medical Association Family Guide", published in 1982 by Random House, provides the following information on causes of and remedies for back pain associated with pregnancy. It says the ligaments that hold the joints in place become increasingly pliable during pregnancy. This is so the pelvis is able to widen during delivery. Because of this increased elasticity, the spine is put under a lot of strain during pregnancy. With the additional weight of the uterus, the woman's center of gravity changes. These changes can cause a lot of strain on the back, especially when standing.
"The Second Trimester: Physical Changes and Symptoms" provides the following suggestions for preventing and relieving back pain associated with pregnancy. Correct posture is very important. It says the correct way to stand is with the shoulders back and the hips tucked in. When sitting, the feet should be resting slightly off the floor with legs uncrossed.
When preforming physical tasks, be careful not to overexert yourself. It is important to lift items by bending the knees with the feet are apart for added support. Be sure to use the leg muscles instead of the back. Also, stretching for out-of-reach items can strain the back. Ask your doctor what exercises are recommended to gain strength and to soothe aching back muscles.
Heartburn is a common complaint during the second trimester of pregnancy. "The American Medical Association Family Guide" provides the following information on causes of and remedies for heartburn. It says heartburn during pregnancy is often due to acid reflux. The muscle that normally separates the esophagus from the stomach becomes more relaxed. This enables irritating acid to reach the esophagus. Eating smaller meals more often can help reduce heartburn. Certain foods may trigger heartburn during pregnancy. It is recommended that if heartburn persists, your doctor should be consulted.
Painful leg cramps can be a problem during the second trimester of pregnancy. "The Second Trimester: Physical Changes and Symptoms" says the causes for leg cramps are not completely understood. It says they may occur because of a lack of calcium, or from the uterus pressing on the nerves of the legs. Suggestions for preventing and relieving leg cramps are the use of support hose, leg exercises, and the application of heat. Turning the toes inward usually provides relief for a painful leg cramp.
Because each individual is unique, discomforts and experiences during the second trimester of pregnancy are also unique. The experience of pregnancy can also vary with each baby. It is important to pay attention to what you body is telling you. If you have specific concerns or questions regarding your pregnancy, your doctor is the best source for information.
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